Alloy steel is a type of steel that has been alloyed with several elements (alloying elements) to improve strength, hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. The alloying elements added to the base iron and carbon structure usually account for less than 5% of the alloy steel’s material composition.
Advantages
Whether you need advanced corrosion resistance, machinability, strength, or another feature, there is an alloy steel that can meet your needs. Alloy steels with additional heat treatment can provide a variety of advantages, including:
- Corrosion resistance is improved.
- Hardenability is improved.
- Superior toughness and strength
Alloying elements (not including carbon or iron) account for more than 8% of the composition of high alloy steel. Because most steel only devotes a few percent to the additional elements, these alloys are less common. The most common high alloy is stainless steel, which contains at least 10.5 percent chromium by mass. With a chromium oxide coating to slow rusting, this ratio gives stainless steel more corrosion resistance.
Meanwhile, low alloy steel is only slightly modified with other elements to provide minor hardenability, strength, and free-machining benefits. The low alloy steel will retain its strength and formability by lowering the carbon content to around 0.2 percent.
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